PSYC 255 Quiz 6

PSYC 255 Quiz 6 Liberty University

PSYC 255 Quiz: Research Designs, Factorial Designs, Single Case Designs

Covers the Learn material from Module 6: Week 6.

1. Catz and colleagues conducted an experiment with 207 individuals taking HIV medications. Participants were randomly assigned to read one of six vignettes. The vignettes varied by medical situation and physician prescription action. For medical situation, participants were randomly assigned to one of three levels. For physician prescription action, participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. In this example, the factorial design would be represented as:
2. A researcher has created a factorial research design. She has two between subjects variables. What type of design does the researcher have?
3. __________ research designs have more than one independent variable.
4. A __________ subjects factorial research design is a research design in which the independent variables are not all the same type.
5. In the standard form __________ X __________, what goes in the first blank?
6. Researchers Brescoll and Uhlmann (2008) wanted to know if men and women were judged the same for expressing similar emotions in the workplace. Participants in this experiment watched a video of a job candidate. The job candidates were being interviewed while sitting at a table. The job candidates were describing an incident in which they and a colleague lost an important account and how it made them feel. The first independent variable was sex of job candidate. Sex had two levels: male and female. The second independent variable was emotion displayed. Emotion displayed had two levels: anger and sadness. So, participants viewed one of four job candidates. With this information, what type of factorial research design was used?
7. A __________ subjects factorial research design is a research design in which all independent variables are between subjects.
8. A recent study by Dommeyer (2008) examined what factors influence whether or not people respond to a mail survey. In other words, are there factors that can influence if a person responds to a survey that he or she received in the mail? Dommeyer wanted to know if the attractiveness of the researcher (attractive and not attractive) in a cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey. Dommeyer also wanted to know if the sex of the researcher (male or female) in the cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey. This quasi-experiment would be referred to as a _____ X ______ research design.
9. Which of the following statements regarding main effects is incorrect?
10. In the standard form __________ X __________, what goes in the second blank?
11. Researchers Brescoll and Uhlmann (2008) wanted to know if men and women were judged the same for expressing similar emotions in the workplace. Participants in this experiment watched a video of a job candidate. The job candidates were being interviewed while sitting at a table. The job candidates were describing an incident in which they and a colleague lost an important account and how it made them feel. The first independent variable was sex of job candidate. Sex had two levels: male and female. The second independent variable was emotion displayed. Emotion displayed had two levels: anger and sadness. So, participants viewed one of four job candidates. In this study, the first independent variable of sex was a __________ subjects variable.
12. A factorial research design can be one of __________ types.
13. A researcher has created a factorial design. She has a between subjects variable and a within subjects variable. What type of design does the researcher have?
14. Researchers Brescoll and Uhlmann (2008) wanted to know if men and women were judged the same for expressing similar emotions in the workplace. Participants in this experiment watched a video of a job candidate. The job candidates were being interviewed while sitting at a table. The job candidates were describing an incident in which they and a colleague lost an important account and how it made them feel. The first independent variable was sex of job candidate. Sex had two levels: male and female. The second independent variable was emotion displayed. Emotion displayed had two levels: anger and sadness. So, participants viewed one of four job candidates. Which statement below accurately describes this research design?
15. Which of the following statements is true regarding factorial research designs?
16. Watson and Rayner (1920) conducted a classic study in psychology using a subject known as Little Albert. In that experiment, the researchers conditioned Little Albert to associate a white rabbit with being scared. What type of design was used by Watson and Rayner (1920)?
17. Kellogg and Kellogg’s (1933) use of a chimpanzee to study life experiences on early stage development is an example of which type of research?
18. Which type of single case design best represents the design used by Ebbinghaus in his study on memory?
19. Kuoch and Mirenda (2003) conducted a single case design in which they looked at the influences of a social story on the behavior of autistic children. The researchers would observe the participants in certain problem situations, recording their behavior. Then, the researchers would read the participants a story before a problem situation was presented. They would then record the number of behaviors exhibited by the participants in relation to the problem situation. Finally, the researchers removed the story and recorded the number of behaviors the next time the problem situation arose. What is the dependent variable in this study?
20. Ebbinghaus’ single subject design resulted in work on memory. Specifically, through his design, Ebbinghaus was able to demonstrate the
21. According to the text, which of the following modern areas of psychological research might use single case designs?
22. Which type of single case design methodology involves researchers having a small number of participants that receive the independent variable at varying times?
23. Which of the following is not one of the three most common type of methodologies used in single case designs as described in our textbook?
24. The A and B in an AB methodology stands for _____________ and _____________ respectively.
25. Single subject designs are more commonly known as _____________ designs.
26. ABA methodologies in single case designs are also known as _____________.
27. The two categories for not using an ABA design are _____________ and
28. Which type of single case design methodology involves measurements that are taken before and after the administering of the independent variable, as well as after the removal of the independent variable?
29. Internal validity is the power of the research design to _____________.
30. In an AB methodology, researchers take measurements _____________ and _____________ administering the independent variable.

Other sets

1. Researchers Brescoll and Uhlmann (2008) wanted to know if men and women were judged the same for expressing similar emotions in the workplace. Participants in this experiment watched a video of a job candidate. The job candidates were being interviewed while sitting at a table. The job candidates were describing an incident in which they and a colleague lost an important account and how it made them feel. The first independent variable was sex of job candidate. Sex had two levels: male and female. The second independent variable was emotion displayed. Emotion displayed had two levels: anger and sadness. So, participants viewed one of four job candidates. With this information, what type of factorial research design was used?
2. You are reading a journal article and the method section states that the design was a 2 X 3 between subject’s factorial design. Automatically, you know that the study will have _______ conditions.
3. A recent study by Dommeyer (2008) examined what factors influence whether or not people respond to a mail survey. In other words, are there factors that can influence if a person responds to a survey that he or she received in the mail? Dommeyer wanted to know if the attractiveness of the researcher (attractive and not attractive) in a cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey. Dommeyer also wanted to know if the sex of the researcher (male or female) in the cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey. So, participants viewed 1 of 4 mail surveys. The second independent variable of sex of researcher was a __________ variable.
4. A researcher has created a factorial research design. She has two within subjects variables. What type of design does the researcher have?
5. A recent study by Dommeyer (2008) examined what factors influence whether or not people respond to a mail survey. In other words, are there factors that can influence if a person responds to a survey that he or she received in the mail? Dommeyer wanted to know if the attractiveness of the researcher (attractive and not attractive) in a cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey. Dommeyer also wanted to know if the sex of the researcher (male or female) in the cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey. The first independent variable was attractiveness of the researcher in the cover letter. This independent variable had _____ levels.
6. Catz and colleagues conducted an experiment with 207 individuals taking HIV medications. Participants were randomly assigned to read one of six vignettes. The vignettes varied by medical situation and physician prescription action. For medical situation, participants were randomly assigned to one of three levels. For physician prescription action, participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. In this example, the factorial design would be represented as:
7. A researcher has created a factorial design. She has a between subjects’ variable and a within subjects variable. What type of design does the researcher have?
8. A recent study by Dommeyer (2008) examined what factors influence whether or not people respond to a mail survey. In other words, are there factors that can influence if a person responds to a survey that he or she received in the mail? Dommeyer wanted to know if the attractiveness of the researcher (attractive and not attractive) in a cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey. Dommeyer also wanted to know if the sex of the researcher (male or female) in the cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey. This quasi-experiment would be referred to as a _____ X ______ research design.
9. research designs have more than one independent variable.
10. Researchers Brescoll and Uhlmann (2008) wanted to know if men and women were judged the same for expressing similar emotions in the workplace. Participants in this experiment watched a video of a job candidate. The job candidates were being interviewed while sitting at a table. The job candidates were describing an incident in which they and a colleague lost an important account and how it made them feel. The first independent variable was sex of job candidate. Sex had two levels: male and female. The second independent variable was emotion displayed. Emotion displayed had two levels: anger and sadness. So, participants viewed one of four job candidates. In this study, the second independent variable of emotions displayed was a __________ subjects variable.
11. occurs when the results obtained would not have been obtained without considering both independent variables together.
12. A factorial research design can be one of __________ types.
13. Researchers Brescoll and Uhlmann (2008) wanted to know if men and women were judged the same for expressing similar emotions in the workplace. Participants in this experiment watched a video of a job candidate. The job candidates were being interviewed while sitting at a table. The job candidates were describing an incident in which they and a colleague lost an important account and how it made them feel. The first independent variable was sex of job candidate. Sex had two levels: male and female. The second independent variable was emotion displayed. Emotion displayed had two levels: anger and sadness. So, participants viewed one of four job candidates. In this study, the first independent variable of sex was a __________ subjects variable.
14. Which of the following statements is not true regarding factorial research designs?
15. Which of the following statements is true regarding factorial research designs?
16. Single subject designs are more commonly known as _____________ designs.
17. Which of the following statements is not true regarding factorial research designs?
18. Which of the following statements is true regarding factorial research designs?
19. Single subject designs are more commonly known as _____________ designs.
20. Watson and Rayner (1920) conducted a classic study in psychology using a subject known as Little Albert. In that experiment, the researchers conditioned Little Albert to associate a white rabbit with being scared. What type of design was used by Watson and Rayner (1920)?
21. Kuoch and Mirenda (2003) conducted a single case design in which they looked at the influences of a social story on the behavior of autistic children. The researchers would observe the participants in certain problem situations, recording their behavior. Then, the researchers would read the participants a story before a problem situation was presented. They would then record the number of behaviors exhibited by the participants in relation to the problem situation. Finally, the researchers removed the story and recorded the number of behaviors the next time the problem situation arose. What type of design is this?
22. Which type of single case design best represents the design used by Ebbinghaus in his study on memory?
23. Ebbinghaus’ single subject design resulted in work on memory. Specifically, through his design, Ebbinghaus was able to demonstrate the
24. In an AB methodology, researchers take measurements _____________ and _____________ administering the independent variable.
25. Which type of single case design methodology involves measurements that are taken before and after the administering of an independent variable?
26. Kellogg and Kellogg’s (1933) use of a chimpanzee to study life experiences on early stage development is an example of which type of research?
27. With regard to single case designs and case study research, which of the following is the best description?
28. The A in AB designs stands for _____________.
29. Research done by Ebbinghaus where he was his own participant is an example of which type of research design?
30. What type of design focuses on a single participant, single group of participants, or a small group of participants?
31. Which of the following classic studies in psychology is not a single case design?
32. Wundt’s use of introspection by participants is an example of ____________ methodology?

Set 1

1. You are reading a journal article and the method section states that the design was a 4 X 3 between subjects factorial design. Automatically, you know that the study will have _______ conditions.
2. A recent study by Dommeyer (2008) examined what factors influence whether or not people respond to a mail survey.  In other words, are there factors that can influence if a person responds to a survey that he or she received in the mail?  Dommeyer wanted to know if the attractiveness of the researcher (attractive and not attractive) in a cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey.  Dommeyer also wanted to know if the sex of the researcher (male or female) in the cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey.  The second independent variable (or subject variable in this case) was sex of the researcher in the cover letter. It had _____ levels.
3. You are reading a journal article and the method section states that the design was a 2 X 3 between subjects factorial design.  Automatically, you know that the study will have _______ conditions.
4. A researcher has created a factorial research design.  She has two between subjects variables.  What type of design does the researcher have?
5. You are reading a journal article and the method section states that the design was a 3 X 3 between subjects factorial design.  Automatically, you know that the study will have _______ conditions.
6. Catz and colleagues conducted an experiment with 207 individuals taking HIV medications.  Participants were randomly assigned to read one of six vignettes.  The vignettes varied by medical situation and physician prescription action.  For medical situation, participants were randomly assigned to one of three levels.  For physician prescription action, participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions.  In this example, the factorial design would be represented as:
7. A recent study by Dommeyer (2008) examined what factors influence whether or not people respond to a mail survey.  In other words, are there factors that can influence if a person responds to a survey that he or she received in the mail?  Dommeyer wanted to know if the attractiveness of the researcher (attractive and not attractive) in a cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey.  Dommeyer also wanted to know if the sex of the researcher (male or female) in the cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey.  So, participants viewed 1 of 4 mail surveys.  The second independent variable of sex of researcher was a __________ variable.
8. A factorial research design can be one of __________ types.
9. Which of the following statements is not true regarding factorial research designs?
10. A recent study by Dommeyer (2008) examined what factors influence whether or not people respond to a mail survey.  In other words, are there factors that can influence if a person responds to a survey that he or she received in the mail?  Dommeyer wanted to know if the attractiveness of the researcher (attractive and not attractive) in a cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey.  Dommeyer also wanted to know if the sex of the researcher (male or female) in the cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey.  So, participants viewed 1 of 4 mail surveys.  The second independent variable of attractiveness of the researcher was a __________ variable.
11. Researchers Brescoll and Uhlmann (2008) wanted to know if men and women were judged the same for expressing similar emotions in the workplace.  Participants in this experiment watched a video of a job candidate.  The job candidates were being interviewed while sitting at a table.  The job candidates were describing an incident in which they and a colleague lost an important account and how it made them feel.  The first independent variable was sex of job candidate.  Sex had two levels: male and female.  The second independent variable was emotion displayed.  Emotion displayed had two levels: anger and sadness.  So, participants viewed one of four job candidates.  Which statement below accurately describes this research design?
12. A __________ subjects factorial research design is a research design in which all independent variables are between subjects.
13. Researchers Brescoll and Uhlmann (2008) wanted to know if men and women were judged the same for expressing similar emotions in the workplace.  Participants in this experiment watched a video of a job candidate.  The job candidates were being interviewed while sitting at a table.  The job candidates were describing an incident in which they and a colleague lost an important account and how it made them feel.  The first independent variable was sex of job candidate.  Sex had two levels: male and female.  The second independent variable was emotion displayed.  Emotion displayed had two levels: anger and sadness.  So, participants viewed one of four job candidates.  In this study, the second independent variable of emotions displayed was a __________ subjects variable.
14. Which of the following statements regarding main effects is incorrect?
15. A researcher wants to measure the effectiveness of three different treatment types as well as measure whether or not there is a difference in the effectiveness between males and females.  The research would use a 3 X 2 design.  What does the 3 stand for in a 3 X 2 design?
16. Which of the following is notone of the three most common type of methodologies used in single case designs as described in our textbook?
17. Kuoch and Mirenda (2003) conducted a single case design in which they looked at the influences of a social story on the behavior of autistic children.  The researchers would observe the participants in certain problem situations, recording their behavior.  Then, the researchers would read the participants a story before a problem situation was presented.  They would then record the number of behaviors exhibited by the participants in relation to the problem situation.  Finally, the researchers removed the story and recorded the number of behaviors the next time the problem situation arose.  What type of design is this?
18. Watson and Rayner (1920) conducted a classic study in psychology using a subject known as Little Albert.  In that experiment, the researchers conditioned Little Albert to associate a white rabbit with being scared.  What type of design was used by Watson and Rayner (1920)?
19. Internal validity is the power of the research design to _____________.
20. Which of the following is one of the three most common types of methodologies used in single case designs as described in our textbook?
21. When you see the phrase N=1, what is the best explanation (in the context of our chapter)?
22. Reasons for not using an ABA design include ethical concerns and the feasibility of effectively removing the effect.  What would be the primary ethical concern of an ABA design where the treatment is found to be beneficial?
23. In single case designs, another name for a pretest-posttest methodology is a(n) _____________ design.
24. Ebbinghaus’ single subject design resulted in work on memory.  Specifically, through his design, Ebbinghaus was able to demonstrate the _____________.
25. Which type of single case design best represents the design used by Ebbinghaus in his study on memory?
26. Which of the following classic studies in psychology is a single case design?
27. The A and B in an AB methodology stands for _____________ and _____________ respectively.
28. Research done by Ebbinghaus where he was his own participant is an example of which type of research design?
29. The two categories for not using an ABA design are _____________ and _____________.
30. The A in AB designs stands for _____________.

Set 2

1. You are reading a journal article and the method section states that the design was a 2 X 3 between subjects factorial design.  Automatically, you know that the study will have _______ conditions.
2. A factorial research design can be one of __________ types.
3. In the standard form __________ X __________, what goes in the first blank?
4. A __________ subjects factorial research design is a research design in which the independent variables are not all the same type.
5. Which of the following statements is not true regarding factorial research designs?
6. Which of the following statements regarding main effects is correct?
7. A recent study by Dommeyer (2008) examined what factors influence whether or not people respond to a mail survey.  In other words, are there factors that can influence if a person responds to a survey that he or she received in the mail?  Dommeyer wanted to know if the attractiveness of the researcher (attractive and not attractive) in a cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey.  Dommeyer also wanted to know if the sex of the researcher (male or female) in the cover letter would influence if people responded to the mail survey.  This quasi-experiment would be referred to as a _____ X ______ research design.
8. A __________ subjects factorial research design is a research design in which all independent variables are within subjects.
9. A __________ subjects factorial research design is a research design in which all independent variables are between subjects.
10. You are reading a journal article and the method section states that the design was a 3 X 3 between subjects factorial design.  Automatically, you know that the study will have _______ conditions.
11. A researcher has created a factorial research design.  She has two within subjects variables.  What type of design does the researcher have?
12. Researchers Brescoll and Uhlmann (2008) wanted to know if men and women were judged the same for expressing similar emotions in the workplace.  Participants in this experiment watched a video of a job candidate.  The job candidates were being interviewed while sitting at a table.  The job candidates were describing an incident in which they and a colleague lost an important account and how it made them feel.  The first independent variable was sex of job candidate.  Sex had two levels: male and female.  The second independent variable was emotion displayed.  Emotion displayed had two levels: anger and sadness.  So, participants viewed one of four job candidates.  With this information, what type of factorial research design was used?
13. Researchers Brescoll and Uhlmann (2008) wanted to know if men and women were judged the same for expressing similar emotions in the workplace.  Participants in this experiment watched a video of a job candidate.  The job candidates were being interviewed while sitting at a table.  The job candidates were describing an incident in which they and a colleague lost an important account and how it made them feel.  The first independent variable was sex of job candidate.  Sex had two levels: male and female.  The second independent variable was emotion displayed.  Emotion displayed had two levels: anger and sadness.  So, participants viewed one of four job candidates.  Which statement below accurately describes this research design?
14. __________ research designs have more than one independent variable.
15. A researcher has created a factorial design.  She has a between subjects variable and a within subjects variable.  What type of design does the researcher have?
16. Which type of single case design methodology involves measurements that are taken before and after the administering of an independent variable?
17. Single case designs can have the same kinds of limitations that can be also found as limitations in _____________ designs.
18. Which of the following classic studies in psychology is a single case design?
19. The A in AB designs stands for _____________.
20. Which type of single case design methodology involves researchers having a small number of participants that receive the independent variable at varying times?
21. Which of the following is notone of the three most common type of methodologies used in single case designs as described in our textbook?
22. The A and B in an AB methodology stands for _____________ and _____________ respectively.
23. In single case designs, another name for a pretest-posttest methodology is a(n) _____________ design.
24. Which of the following classic studies in psychology is nota single case design?
25. Which of the following statements is true?
26. Kellogg and Kellogg’s (1933) use of a chimpanzee to study life experiences on early stage development is an example of which type of research?
27. According to the text, which of the following modern areas of psychological research might use single case designs?
28. N=1 designs are also known as _____________ designs.
29. Reasons for not using an ABA design include ethical concerns and the feasibility of effectively removing the effect.  What would be the primary ethical concern of an ABA design where the treatment is found to be beneficial?
30. What type of design focuses on a single participant, single group of participants, or a small group of participants?