GOVT 345 Quiz 3 Liberty University
GOVT 345 Quiz 3: Legal Positivism
- Raz is a soft positivist willing to incorporate moral considerations so long as they are part of the posited body of laws.
- Dworkin’s ideas touch not only the discipline of law but reach morality, rights, economics, politics, and even literary theory.
- Logical positivism has a supernaturalistic ontology and intuitional epistemology.
- Raz’s sources thesis is a claim that the existence and content of law can always be determined by reference to its sources without recourse to moral argument.
- Ronald Dworkin’s ideas are called Constructivism, Interpretivism, or Constructive Interpretivism.
- Dworkin’s philosophy of law is a continuation of Austin and Kelsen.
- Calculating aggregate happiness is an easy objective endeavor.
- At the top of Kelsen’s hierarchy is the basic norm or the Grundnorm.
- Given his approval of Hart’s legal positivism, it was only tting that Dworkin succeeded Hart as Chair of Jurisprudence at Oxford.
- Aristotle would have approved of the utilitarian denition of happiness as pleasure.
- For Dworkin, a judge considers the competing principles and then willy-nilly decides which one is governing.
- According to Dworkin, judges decided hard cases by referring to the foundation principles or policies.
- John Stuart Mill is the founder of utilitarianism.
- Auguste Comte had a rationalistic faith in the ability of the scientic method to remedy social problems.
- John Stuart Mill equated happiness with pleasure (but the latter is not necessarily synonymous with hedonism in the modern sense).
- For Austin, law is a command of the sovereign that carries a threat of sanction.
- Comte founded a secular religion called the “Religion of Humanity”.
- For Kelsen, each rule creates a normative ought and gets its validity from another, higher norm.
- Legal positivism can be called the “ruling theory of law”.
- Legal positivism borrows much from logical positivism but rejects empiricism.
Set 1
- John Stuart Mills’ Utility Principle is also called the Pragmatic Efficiency Principle
- Dworkin agrees with Hart: judges routinely fill the gaps and thus are second-tier legislators.
- Raz is a soft positivist willing to incorporate moral considerations so long as they are part of the posited body of laws.
- For Austin, law is a command of the sovereign that carries a threat of sanction.
- One major problem natural lawyers have with utilitarianism is its equating justice and expedience. Sometimes justice is decidedly not expedient.
- Auguste Comte had a rationalistic faith in the ability of the scientific method to remedy social problems.
- John Stuart Mill equated happiness with pleasure (but the latter is not necessarily synonymous with hedonism in the modern sense).
- At the top of Kelsen’s hierarchy is the basic norm or the Grundnorm.
- Legal positivism borrows much from logical positivism but rejects empiricism.
- Comte founded a secular religion called the “Religion of Humanity”.
- Ronald Dworkin’s ideas are called Constructivism, Interpretivism, or Constructive Interpretivism.
- Logical positivism has a supernaturalistic ontology and intuitional epistemology.
- Calculating aggregate happiness is an easy objective endeavor.
- Austin’s analytical jurisprudence based on concepts such as legal right and duty were predominant until Hart came along.
- For Dworkin, law is indeterminate. There is never a right answer to a hard case.
- For Kelsen, each rule creates a normative ought and gets its validity from another, higher norm.
- The “rule of recognition” is a basically a social meta-rule that validates the law-making process and the rules that emerge from that process.
- John Stuart Mill is the founder of utilitarianism.
- Dworkin’s constructivism holds that law is more than just command and rules but also includes principles and policies.
- L. A. Hart wholeheartedly embraced and then built upon Austin’s sovereign-command-sanction model.
Set 2
- According to Dworkin, two fundamental principles that govern how judges decide hard cases are utility and efficiency.
- Raz’s sources thesis is a claim that the existence and content of law can always be determined by reference to its sources without recourse to moral argument.
- Bentham set out to found legal positivism.
- Austin’s analytical jurisprudence based on concepts such as legal right and duty were predominant until Hart came along.
- For legal positivist, law is a matter of facts and social conventions.
- Calculating aggregate happiness is an easy objective endeavor.
- For Dworkin, law is indeterminate. There is never a right answer to a hard case.
- John Stuart Mill equated happiness with pleasure (but the latter is not necessarily synonymous with hedonism in the modern sense).
- Dworkin referred to his theory as a natural law theory but there is just one problem. Dworkin says an unjust law may be morally invalid but may still be legally valid.
- John Stuart Mill is the founder of utilitarianism.
- For Austin, law is a command of the sovereign that carries a threat of sanction.
- Bentham embraced metaphysical inquiries. It was the one element of the common law tradition he did not criticize.
- Legal positivism can be called the “ruling theory of law”.
- Comte founded a secular religion called the “Religion of Humanity”.
- According to Dworkin, judges decided hard cases by referring to the foundation principles or policies.
- One major problem natural lawyers have with utilitarianism is its equating justice and expedience. Sometimes justice is decidedly not expedient.
- Given his approval of Hart’s legal positivism, it was only fitting that Dworkin succeeded Hart as Chair of Jurisprudence at Oxford.
- Legal positivism borrows much from logical positivism but rejects empiricism.
- Dworkin’s constructivism holds that law is more than just command and rules but also includes principles and policies.
- Law is like literature, says Dworkin. It has setting, themes, characters, and a plot.
Set 3
- Kelsen applied sociological and psychological methodology to the study of law.
- At the top of Kelsen’s hierarchy is the basic norm or the Grundnorm.
- Ronald Dworkin’s ideas are called Constructivism, Interpretivism, or Constructive Interpretivism.
- John Stuart Mill is the founder of utilitarianism.
- Dworkin’s philosophy of law is a continuation of Austin and Kelsen.
- Given his approval of Hart’s legal positivism, it was only fitting that Dworkin succeeded Hart as Chair of Jurisprudence at Oxford.
- L. A. Hart’s secondary rules are power-conferring rules.
- For legal positivist, law is a matter of facts and social conventions.
- John Stuart Mill equated happiness with pleasure (but the latter is not necessarily synonymous with hedonism in the modern sense).
- Austin’s analytical jurisprudence based on concepts such as legal right and duty were predominant until Hart came along.
- Raz’s sources thesis is a claim that the existence and content of law can always be determined by reference to its sources without recourse to moral argument.
- For Kelsen, each rule creates a normative ought and gets its validity from another, higher norm.
- Legal positivism borrows much from logical positivism but rejects empiricism.
- According to Dworkin, two fundamental principles that govern how judges decide hard cases are utility and efficiency.
- According to J. S. Mill, tension between justice and utility is the result of subjective emotionalism—simply what one “feels” is unjust.
- Dworkin is the originator of the separability thesis.
- The “rule of recognition” is a basically a social meta-rule that validates the law-making process and the rules that emerge from that process.
- Auguste Comte had a rationalistic faith in the ability of the scientific method to remedy social problems.
- According to Dworkin, judges decided hard cases by referring to the foundation principles or policies.
- Aristotle would have approved of the utilitarian definition of happiness as pleasure.