GOVT 215 Quiz Categorical

GOVT 215 Quiz: Categorical and Disjunctive Syllogisms

1. Choose the best answer to fill in the blank. The pattern of argument that commits the _____________ is one that argues what something is from a premise about what something is not.
2. Choose the best answer to fill in the blank. If the minor term is distributed in the conclusion but not in the minor premise, the argument commits the fallacy of the
3. The first step toward identifying arguments that commit the fallacy of the illicit process is to locate the major and minor terms in an argument structure.
4. Law often involved labeling conduct based on elements.
5. The hallmark of a disjunctive argument is a disjunctive proposition that presents two alternatives, referred to as disjuncts.
6. Choose the best answer to fill in the blank. _______________ are frequently marked by the use of the words “some,” “all,” or “no.”
7. One way to spot the fallacy of the illicit process is to look for patterns of argument featuring distributed terms in the conclusion that are not distributed in the premises.
8. The fallacy of the illicit process and the fallacy of affirming a disjunct are both disjunctive syllogisms.
9. A syllogism based exclusively on negative premises is always invalid.
10. A syllogism that has one negative premise and one affirmative premise can yield either a positive or negative conclusion.
11. Determining distribution of terms is always easy.
12. Like other syllogisms, syllogistic disjunction is a common way to argue both factual disputes, legal disputes, and disputes about the application of law to facts.
13. When a disjunction is inclusive, then affirming one disjunct requires denying the other.
14. A valid disjunctive syllogism is one where the categorical premise denies one of the disjuncts of the disjunctive premise and the conclusion affirms the remaining disjunct.
15. Choose the best answer to fill in the blank. _____________ generally take the “if . . . then” form.
16. The fallacy of the undistributed middle term and the fallacy of the illicit process both apply to categorical syllogisms.
17. Choose the best answer to fill in the blank. A __________ is typically marked by the word “or.”
18. The propositions in a categorical syllogism have to comply with a rule of logic that requires if either premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative.
19. The logical fallacy of the illicit process might seem ot have some persuasive force, but it is not a practical tool for most cases.
20. The propositions in a categorical system have to comply with a rule of logic that required that at least one premise must be affirmative.
21. Thoroughly discuss the Fallacy of Affirming a Disjunct in your own words (do not copy and paste material from other sources). What is a “disjunct” in an argument? What does it mean to “affirm” it? Can this fallacy appear in any argument? Is it limited to a specific category of arguments? Why or why not?